Chapter summary, Part 3 Chapter 3

Summary:

In this chapter, O'Brien and Winston are talking, discussing about facts of life, the world and how everything is controlled by the Party. O'Brien tries to explain his ideologies to Winston in a way that Winston will accept and truly believe them. Winston reasons that the''SPirit of Man'' will stop the party and O'Brien shows Winston a mirror in which Winston sees himself as a rotten living corpse, frail body and sunken cheeks. O'Brien shoots at Winston ''You are the last man, you are the guardian of the human spirit. You shall see yourself as you truly are''. The chapter ends with O'Brien declaring victory over the discussion and Winston marvelling at his intelligence to understand his feelings with a few simple words.

Techniques:
- The direct answer of O'Brien stating that the Party seeks power solely for its own sake is a taunt to Winston and how helpless he is as a single individual because he cannot do anything, he tried but failed and this statement emphasises that failure.

-The continuous stream of lies and statements from O'Brien interferes and befuddles Winston's way of thinking and this confuses his own sense of belief and thus his individuality to think for himself.

-The repeated use of goruping words such as 'We' and 'You' with O'Brien separates Winston as a single helpless entity compared to the bigger group (The Party). ''WE have beaten YOU'', ''YOU are the last man'', WE have broken YOU up''. It also has an accusatory tone to it.

-The powerful words such as forever, lasting, omnipotent and degrading words such as helpless, weak and fragile set a large contrast between them and this creates the impression on the reader that the Party is unbeatable and the system is flawless.

- The loss of sense of time adds to the illusion that there is nothing existing outside your own mind and what the Party creates, this makes Winston doubtful of his own senses and beliefs.

Concerns:

-Loss of identity and Beliefs(Winston losing the arguement makes him doubt his ownself)

-Absolute power and dominance(O'Brien humiliating and degrading Winston)

-Sense of Justice(The two different conflicting sense of justices from Winston and O'Brien)

Contextual Links:

A reference to WW1 or WW2 is made in relation to the war with EastAsia. The german Nazis are also mentioned so this could be a link to WW2 which happened around 1940's.